Sara Duterte

In 2026, the COA issued notices of disallowance covering three tranches of P125 million spent in 2023, finding that the documentation and results provided did not justify P375 million.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

The Supreme Court unanimously and definitively rejected the House's motion for reconsideration, maintaining that the fourth complaint in 2025 was constitutionally invalid.

Attribution

Directly implicated

Following expiry of the one-year restriction, new impeachment steps were initiated in the House; Duterte and her supporters again petitioned the Supreme Court to challenge the constitutionality of the proceedings.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

The COA en banc rejected the OVP's appeal concerning P73 million in 2022 confidential expenditure, finding that the supporting documents did not sufficiently establish the results of the funded operations.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

A new impeachment trial opened in the Senate on allegations including the use of public funds, unexplained wealth, alleged corruption and threats against Marcos and other officials.

Attribution

Directly implicated

During the impeachment trial, a COA auditor testified that Duterte and two OVP officials were responsible for P73 million in 2022 disbursements deemed irregular under confidential fund rules.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

Security authorities reinforced protection for Marcos, and the NBI summoned Duterte before referring complaints alleging grave threats and incitement to sedition.

Attribution

Directly implicated

Several impeachment complaints targeted Duterte, concerning in particular confidential funds, her threats against leaders and various allegations of abuse of power and illicit enrichment.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

A fourth complaint signed by more than one-third of the House was transmitted directly to the Senate, making Duterte the first Philippine vice-president formally impeached by the House.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

The Supreme Court ruled that the fourth complaint violated the constitutional prohibition on initiating more than one impeachment proceeding within a year and due process requirements, removing the Senate's authority to try that complaint.

Attribution

Directly implicated

As Education Secretary, Duterte defended the existence of confidential funds on national security grounds, triggering controversy over the use of such allocations by an education ministry.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Political responsibility

Sara Duterte resigned as Education Secretary and vice-chair of an anti-insurgency task force, publicly confirming the breakdown of the alliance between the Duterte and Marcos families.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Political responsibility

The OVP spent P125 million in confidential funds over a very short period in late 2022. The Commission on Audit subsequently questioned P73 million of that expenditure for lack of sufficient supporting documents.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

While mayor of Davao, Sara Duterte repeatedly punched Sheriff Abe Andres in front of cameras after he refused to delay a demolition by two hours.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Personally implicated

The Interior Ministry's investigating committee concluded that Duterte had engaged in conduct unbecoming of a public official and recommended administrative charges.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

Following the incident, Duterte announced that she was ending the city's assistance to the Hall of Justice in response to the sheriff's refusal to await her arrival.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Political responsibility